Abstract：Quartz often coexists with feldspar silicate minerals. Due to the similar physical and chemical properties of the two, it is difficult to separate and purify th
Quartz often coexists with feldspar silicate minerals. Due to the similar physical and chemical properties of the two, it is difficult to separate and purify them. Flotation is the most effective way to separate quartz and feldspar. Feldspar and quartz flotation reagents can effectively adjust the surface electrical properties of feldspar and quartz during the flotation process, regulate the buoyancy of minerals, and expand the separation of feldspar and quartz. Flotation difference of quartz.
The reagents used in the flotation separation of feldspar and quartz can be roughly divided into collectors and regulators (activators, inhibitors, pH regulators, etc.).
The collector plays a decisive role in the separation process of feldspar and quartz, and its adsorption on the surface of feldspar or quartz directly determines the separation effect of the two. Collectors commonly used in the separation process of feldspar and quartz include sodium petroleum sulfonate, sodium dodecylsulfonate, sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium oleate and various amine collectors.
In terms of collector types, collectors in the separation process of feldspar and quartz can be divided into quartz positive flotation reagents and reverse flotation reagents.
In the hydrofluoric acid method, amines are mainly used as collectors to realize reverse flotation of quartz, and the amines are mainly dodecylamine and octadecylamine. In the fluorine-free and acid-free method, the researchers found that the effect of the anion-cation combination collector is better than that of a single amine collector, so the pharmaceutical research mainly focuses on the anion-cation combination collector to optimize feldspar.
In addition to different types of anion and cation combined collectors, the mixing ratio, dosage, concentration and other factors of anion and cation collectors play an important role in the flotation behavior of feldspar and quartz. When the negative/positive molar ratio is less than 1, the polar groups of the collector are all facing the mineral surface, and the hydrophobic groups are all facing the solution, which increases the hydrophobicity of the mineral and is beneficial to the flotation separation of feldspar and quartz.
Although the addition of single cation collectors such as amines or combined anion and cation collectors can significantly expand the flotation difference between feldspar and quartz, a small amount of collectors will also be adsorbed on the surface of quartz or feldspar, resulting in the flotation of quartz. Loss and reduce the SiO2 content of quartz concentrate. The addition of regulators can effectively control the slurry system, inhibit quartz or feldspar, and further expand the difference in buoyancy between feldspar and quartz.
In the process of fluorine-free acid method, the regulators involved are usually feldspar activators, quartz inhibitors, pH regulators, etc.
In the fluorine-free acid method, the regulators involved are usually feldspar activators, quartz inhibitors, pH regulators, etc. Under strong acid conditions, using oxalic acid as a regulator can effectively activate feldspar, expand the potential difference between feldspar and quartz, and make dodecylamine preferentially adsorb on the surface of feldspar, so as to effectively separate feldspar and quartz.
In addition to strengthening the flotation of feldspar by inhibiting quartz, many researchers also proposed that the addition of metal ions can inhibit feldspar, so as to achieve the preference of quartz. A number of studies have shown that the mechanism of metal ion activation is mainly that under high pH conditions, metal ions form corresponding monohydroxy compounds in the system, and are adsorbed on the quartz surface through electrostatic interaction, and form a hydrophobic film with the collector, which acts as a To activate, promote the adsorption of the collector on the quartz surface, making the quartz hydrophobic and floating. Multivalent metal ions can be adsorbed on the surface of feldspar to reduce its surface electrical properties, but multivalent metal ions can also be adsorbed on the surface of quartz, showing similar properties to Al(s)3+, making the separation of the two difficult. Inhibitors such as water glass and sodium hexametaphosphate can be added to inhibit the flotation of quartz, so as to realize the separation of feldspar and quartz.
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