OVERVIEW OF CARBON BLACK

Carbon black, a carbon-based material, is the product obtained from the incomplete gas-phase combustion or thermal cracking of hydrocarbon compounds. It appears as pure black fine particles or powdery substances. The main component of carbon black is carbon, while it also contains trace amounts of hydrogen, oxygen, sulfur, ash, tar, and moisture.

It has excellent functions such as rubber reinforcement, coloring, conductivity, and ultraviolet absorption, and is widely used in various industrial fields. It is listed as one of the twenty-five basic chemical products and fine chemicals in the international chemical field.

CLASSIFICATION OF CARBON BLACK

According to different production processes, carbon black is mainly divided into the following three types:

CHANNEL CARBON BLACK

Channel carbon black uses natural gas or coalbed methane as raw materials, which are mixed with air for incomplete combustion. Metal channel plates move slowly and reciprocally in the reduction layer to collect the generated carbon black. During the reaction, more oxygen-containing functional groups are formed on the surface of carbon black, resulting in good printing and dispersion properties. Additionally, it has an extremely low polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) content, making it suitable for manufacturing carbon black used in rubber products in direct contact with food.

FURNACE CARBON BLACK

Furnace methods are divided into two types: gas furnace method and oil furnace method. Furnace carbon black is produced by using gaseous hydrocarbons, liquid hydrocarbons, or their mixtures as raw materials, supplying an appropriate amount of air, forming a closed turbulent flow system in the reaction furnace, and cracking another part of the raw materials to produce carbon black by burning part of the raw materials and air to increase heat.

THERMAL CRACKING CARBON BLACK

Thermal cracking carbon black is produced by high-temperature pyrolysis of natural gas or acetylene in the absence of air. Carbon black prepared from acetylene is called acetylene carbon black, which features high purity and minimal impurities. Due to its low resistivity and excellent conductivity, heat transfer, and antistatic properties, acetylene carbon black is widely used in manufacturing electrodes for dry batteries.

PYROLYSIS RECYCLING OF WASTE TIRES TO PRODUCE CARBON BLACK

Under the pressure of resource and environment, the recycling technology of pyrolytic carbon black from waste tires has become a green breakthrough in traditional carbon black production. Waste tires are first deeply cleaned, then cut or crushed into granular materials suitable for processing. Metal impurities such as steel wires are removed by magnetic separation. The pretreated materials are dried and preheated, and then sent to a pyrolysis reaction device for thermal decomposition under an inert atmosphere such as steam or nitrogen. According to the product characteristics requirements of the target carbon black, the quality and yield of the products can be optimized by accurately regulating the pyrolysis process parameters.

APPLICATIONS OF CARBON BLACK

Rubber
Applications in the Rubber Industry

Carbon black serves as a critical reinforcing agent for rubber products. In rubber-grade carbon black, approximately 75% is used to manufacture various types of tires, including automobile tires, tractor tires, aircraft tires, bicycle tires, and electric vehicle tires. The remaining portion is applied to produce other rubber products such as rubber hoses, belts, and shoes.

Carbon black exhibits excellent reinforcing properties, improving the wear resistance of tires, significantly extending their service life, and enhancing the physical and mechanical properties of rubber compounds, such as tensile strength and tear strength.

Ink
Applications in the Ink Industry

Carbon black serves as the primary pigment for black inks. High-quality pigment carbon black is widely used in printing inks, and its fundamental properties significantly influence the quality of both the inks and printed materials. Key requirements for carbon black in printing inks include blackness, hue, fluidity, viscosity, drying property, and thixotropy.

Coating
Applications in the Coating Industry

Coatings, commonly known as paints, rely on carbon black for its stability against chemicals, light, and heat—properties unmatched by other black inorganic pigments or organic black dyes. When incorporated into coatings, carbon black exhibits minimal chemical reactivity, high blackness, excellent weather resistance, and strong tinting strength.

High-grade pigment carbon black is used in synthetic resin paints as topcoats for car finishes, as well as decorative paints for bicycles, sewing machines, and instruments. Conductive carbon black, with its electrical conductivity, serves as a primer for water-based electrophoretic coatings.

Plastic
Applications in the Plastic Industry

Carbon black for plastics accounts for a significant proportion in non-rubber application fields. It not only serves as a coloring or toning agent but also functions to prevent UV aging, provide antistatic properties, or enhance conductivity. To ensure good dispersibility of carbon black in plastics, it is typically pre-dispersed in a medium, forming masterbatch (color masterbatch or color masterbatch pellets), which is then diluted with plastics in appropriate proportions.

DEEP GRINDING PROCESSING OF CARBON BLACK

As an overall solution provider of grinding equipment, Shanghai Zenith insists on providing customers with efficient, energy-saving and environmentally friendly grinding equipment and services. With nearly 30 years of experience in mill manufacturing, Shanghai Zenith has specially launched a variety of industrial powder grinding equipment, which can meet users' fineness requirements for processing different materials. The products feature stable operation, economical investment and green environmental protection!

EQUIPMENT SELECTION AND TECHNICAL ADVANTAGES

XZM Ultrafine Mill

XZM Ultrafine Mill is a specialized processing equipment developed by Shanghai Zenith specifically for producing ultra-fine and micro powders. Drawing on nearly four decades of experience in mill R&D and manufacturing, integrating modern grinding technologies, and based on the development trends and demands of the domestic mill market, the XZM series was created after numerous rounds of inspections, research, and trials.

  • Safe and Reliable Operation
  • Advanced and Stable Transmission
  • Precise Particle Size Control
  • Low Wear and High-Quality Products
  • Low Power Consumption and Energy Saving
  • Clean and Environmentally Friendly

CLASSIC CASES

  • 1.5-2 T/H Carbon Black Grinding Production Line

    1.5-2 T/H Carbon Black Grinding Production Line

    Material: Carbon black from tire pyrolysis
    Feeding Size: ≤ 20mm
    Finesse: 400-600 mesh, D99
    Capacity: 1.5-2 t/h
    Equipment: XZM Ultrafine Powder Mill
  • Iran XZM Carbon Black Grinding Production Line

    Iran XZM Carbon Black Grinding Production Line

    Material: Carbon black
    Capacity: 14-15 t/h
    Finesse: 200 mesh
    Equipment: XZM Ultrafine Powder Mill

Enterprise Strength

Shanghai Zenith is a high-tech enterprise specialized in R&D and production of industrial powder grinding equipment. Focused on customer needs in different fields, our products cover a processing range from 1-3mm coarse powder, 20-400 mesh fine powder, 400-1250 mesh ultra-fine powder to 1250-3250 mesh micro powder. Our equipment has obtained ISO international quality system certification, EU CE certification, and Eurasian Economic Union CU-TR certification.
In the future, taking technological innovation as the pillar, Shanghai Zenith will continuously empower the technological upgrading and sustainable development of the powder grinding industry through intelligent and low-carbon strategies, helping the industry transform towards high-end and environmental protection.

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